LOADS |EFFECTS OF LOAD ON A MEMBER

 LOADS

External forces and moments (or couples) acting on a body are called loads. Dead loads, live loads, wind loads, impact loads, seismic loads, snow loads are some of the loads to be considered in the design of a structure.

EFFECTS OF LOAD ON A MEMBER

1. It may pull the member on which it acts to produce the tensile stress and tensile strain.(Refer Fig. 1.1). In this case, a member is said to be under tension. A member under tension is called a tie member.

2. It may push the member on which it acts to produce the compressive stress and compressive p strain. (Refer Fig. 1.2). In this case, a member is said to be under compression. A member under compression is called as column or strut.

3. It may shear the member on which it acts to produce the shear stress and shear strain. (Refer Fig. 1.3). Pins, rivets and bolts are known as shear members.

4. It may bend the member on which it acts to produce the bending stress and strain. (Refer Fig. 1.4). A beam is a bending member or flexural member. (Bending action in a beam is called flexure).

5. It may twist the member on which it acts to produce the torsional stress and strain. In this case, a member is said to be under torsion. . A shaft is a twisting member. (Refer Fig. 1.5).